How to Pass/Set Environment Variables In Pytest?

In pytest, you can pass/set environment variables using the os module in Python. You can set the environment variables before running your pytest tests by using the os.environ dictionary. For example, you can set a custom environment variable like this:

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import os

os.environ['MY_ENV_VAR'] = 'value'

After setting the environment variable, you can access it in your pytest tests using the os.getenv() function. For example, you can access the value of the previously set MY_ENV_VAR environment variable like this:

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import os

def test_my_env_variable():
    assert os.getenv('MY_ENV_VAR') == 'value'

By setting environment variables in this way, you can customize the behavior of your pytest tests based on different environmental configurations.

How to handle different environment setups with environment variables in pytest?

In pytest, you can handle different environment setups using environment variables by utilizing the built-in os module in Python. Here's how you can set up and use environment variables in pytest:

1. Define environment variables in your test setup:

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import os

os.environ["ENVIRONMENT"] = "development"

1. Access the environment variable in your test code:

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def test_environment_variable():
    environment = os.environ.get("ENVIRONMENT")
    assert environment == "development"

1. To handle different environment setups, you can set different values for the environment variable before running your tests:

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export ENVIRONMENT=production
pytest tests/

1. You can also parameterize your test functions with different environment setups using pytest's @pytest.mark.parametrize decorator:

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import pytest

@pytest.mark.parametrize("environment", ["development", "production"])
def test_environment_variable(environment):
    os.environ["ENVIRONMENT"] = environment
    assert os.environ.get("ENVIRONMENT") == environment

By utilizing environment variables in your pytest tests, you can easily handle different configurations and setups without hardcoding values in your test code. This allows for flexibility and reusability in your test suite.

How to use environment variables for conditional testing in pytest?

To use environment variables for conditional testing in pytest, you can use the os module to access environment variables and use them in your test conditions. Here is an example of how you can use environment variables for conditional testing in pytest:

1. Import the os module in your test file:

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import os

1. Use the os.environ.get() method to access the value of an environment variable. You can then use this value in your test conditions. For example, if you have an environment variable named ENVIRONMENT that can have values like dev, prod, or test, you can use it in your test conditions like this:

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def test_environment_variable():
    environment = os.environ.get('ENVIRONMENT')
    
    if environment == 'dev':
        # Run test code specific to the dev environment
        assert True
    elif environment == 'prod':
        # Run test code specific to the prod environment
        assert True
    else:
        # Run default test code
        assert False

1. You can set the value of the ENVIRONMENT environment variable before running your tests by exporting it in the command line or setting it in your test configuration file.

For example, to set the ENVIRONMENT variable to dev before running your tests in the command line, you can use:

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export ENVIRONMENT=dev
pytest

Or, you can set the ENVIRONMENT variable in a pytest configuration file (pytest.ini or pyproject.toml):

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[pytest]
env = 
    ENVIRONMENT=dev

By using environment variables in this way, you can easily control the behavior of your tests based on the environment in which they are run.

What is the recommended way to define environment variables in pytest configuration files?

The recommended way to define environment variables in pytest configuration files is to use the addoption hook in the conftest.py file. This allows you to easily set environment variables at the command line when running pytest.

Here is an example of how you can define environment variables in the conftest.py file:

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def pytest_addoption(parser):
    parser.addoption("--my_env_var", action="store", default="my_default_value", help="Set the value of my_env_var")

def pytest_configure(config):
    config.my_env_var = config.getoption("--my_env_var")
    

You can then access the value of the environment variable in your test functions using request.config.getoption('my_env_var').

By defining environment variables in this way, you can easily set different values for the variables when running pytest from the command line, without having to modify your test code.